PHYSICAL QUALITY OF SANDY SOIL UNDER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND CHISELING OF SUGARCANE RATOONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v13i1.9580Keywords:
Soil degradation, Mechanical intervention, Soil tillage, Land useAbstract
The adoption of soil management practices in sugarcane production areas must ensure both economic and environmental sustainability. This study evaluated the effects of different management systems (conventional tillage – CT, reduced tillage – RT, and no-tillage – NT) and sugarcane ratoon field chiseling on soil physical quality indicators. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with split-plots and three replications. The plots consisted of the management systems, and the subplots corresponded to treatments without and with chiseling (WoC and WiC, respectively). In the fourth ratoon cycle (five years after planting), the following soil physical attributes were evaluated at depths of 0.00–0.10 m, 0.10–0.20 m, and 0.20–0.30 m: soil bulk density, macroporosity and microporosity, total porosity, and soil penetration resistance. Data were subjected to multivariate factor analysis, with factor extraction using the principal component analysis method. The results indicated that CT was effective in maintaining soil physical quality (bulk density values ranged from 1.56 ± 0.05 to 1.64 ± 0.03 Mg m-3), keeping bulk density below the critical limit in the 0.00–0.30 m layer (1.70 Mg m-3) after five years of sugarcane cultivation. Mechanical chiseling proved beneficial in NT areas, reducing penetration resistance in sandy soils, but showed no significant effects in the CT and RT systems. Among the evaluated attributes, penetration resistance was the most sensitive to variations in mechanical chiseling methods across the management systems. Chiseling is recommended for NT systems, while CT proved more effective in preserving soil physical quality in the long-term.
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