PLANTABILITY: SOWING DEPTH AND OPERATIONAL SPEED EFFECT ON SOYBEAN YIELD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v13i1.9947Keywords:
Glycine max (L.) Merr., Sowing quality, Mechanization, EfficiencyAbstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a strategic crop for Brazilian and global economies. Plantability performance is crucial for crop establishment and production efficiency, as adequate seed placement, speed, and depth can improve yields. This study evaluated the effects of plantability on soybean performance, focusing on operating speed and sowing depth. The experiment was conducted at a commercial soybean production site in Três Marias, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Treatments included two seed deposition depths (3 and 5 cm) and four operating speeds (5, 7, 9, and 12 km h-1), in a randomized strip-plot design. The variables evaluated were the coefficient of variation of seed distribution (CV%), multiple spacing, missing spacing index, acceptable spacing index, and grain yield. Results showed that operating speed directly influenced acceptable spacing, with the best indices at 5 km h-1. Missed (failed) spacings were more frequent at the 3-cm sowing depth, whereas multiple spacings increased at operating speeds above 7 km h-1 and at the 5-cm sowing depth. The CV% increased linearly with speed. Crop yield decreased with increasing speed and lower sowing depth. Sowing at 5 km h-1 and a sowing depth of 5 cm provided the best balance between acceptable spacing and soybean yield.
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