SUSCEPTIBILITY OF NON-DICAMBA-RESISTANT SOYBEAN CULTIVARS TO LOW RATES OF DICAMBA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v13i1.9597Keywords:
Chemical handling, Transgenics, Drift, Phytotoxicity, InjuryAbstract
Nowadays, dicamba-resistant soybean cultivars are an agricultural reality in Brazil, thus applications of this herbicide have grown in recent years. However, adjacent areas may be grown with dicamba non-resistant soybeans and genetic background of these plants must be considered if dicamba accidentally reaches non-target areas. This study was carried out to evaluate the susceptibility of eleven non-dicamba-resistant commercial soybean cultivars to sublethal rates of dicamba herbicide applied at the V3 stage over two consecutive growing seasons. Two field experiments were carried out: in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 crop seasons. The treatments consisted of three rates of herbicide dicamba (checkplots, 0.48 g ha-1, and 2.40 g ha-1) and 11 commercial soybean cultivars. The following parameters were evaluated: pods per plant, grains per pod, grain yield (kg ha-1), and thousand-grain weight (TGW; g). Phytotoxicity caused by the treatments was evaluated at 14 and 28 days after application (DAA), and plant height was measured at 42 DAA. Plant stand in the plots was evaluated before harvest. Dicamba rate related to the toxicity process was a more relevant factor for changes in grain yield than the cultivar genetic. The dicamba rates had no effect on plant stand and number of pods per plant. There was a negative effect of dicamba on plant height, grains per pod, TGW, and consequently grain yield. Low difference in cultivar sensitivity to dicamba was found, however with no practical relevance in the field.
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