AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF WHEAT CULTIVARS UNDER WATER DEFICIT IN THE CERRADO: ADAPTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v12i4.9471Keywords:
Water, Efficiency , Yield, Triticum aestivum, MoistureAbstract
Wheat production faces limitations due to water constraints, in which climate variability impairs cultivation. This study evaluated the agronomic performance of three wheat cultivars (BRS264, BRS394 and BRS404) subjected to water stress gradients (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 kPa) under controlled Cerrado conditions. The experiment, which was conducted in a greenhouse in Cuiabá, Brazil, used a randomized block design with a 5×3 factorial scheme and electrical capacitance sensors to monitor soil moisture. Shoot dry mass, root dry mass, grain yield and water use efficiency were analyzed. Tukey's tests and regression analyses revealed differences between cultivars: BRS394 presented better overall performance at 24 kPa, with increases of 20.1% in shoot dry mass, 70.8% in grain yield and 80% in water efficiency, whereas BRS264 presented better water efficiency at 12 kPa (40% increment). The comparative analysis revealed that 12 kPa resulted in less stress to the cultivars, with a significant decline in the parameters from 24 kPa, accentuating above 36 kPa. These results show that BRS394 adapts better to moderate water restriction (24 kPa), whereas BRS264 has better performance with greater water availability (12 kPa); both cultivars surpassed BRS404 in most of the parameters evaluated; and differentiated irrigation strategies are essential, prioritizing greater water availability for BRS264 and moderate restriction for BRS394 for the good development of wheat cultivation.
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